Community Awareness of Lassa Fever Prevention Among Residents in Ebonyi State

Lassa fever remains an endemic public health threat in southern and eastern Nigeria, with Ebonyi State among the consistently affected states in the South East geopolitical zone. This study assessed community awareness of Lassa fever prevention among residents in Ebonyi State. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed, with 270 adults recruited from communities in Abakaliki, Ezza North, and Afikpo South local government areas. Data were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires covering knowledge of Lassa fever transmission, symptoms, and prevention. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square tests were applied in analysis. Findings showed that 66 percent of respondents were aware of Lassa fever, but only 38 percent could correctly identify rodent contact as the primary transmission route. Awareness of preventive behaviours such as proper food storage, rat control, and avoiding contact with sick persons was moderate but inconsistently practised. Respondents in communities that had experienced outbreaks and received post-outbreak health education demonstrated significantly higher awareness. The study recommended sustained, community-based Lassa fever health education campaigns with practical demonstrations on rodent control and food hygiene, supported by the Ebonyi State Ministry of Health and community leaders. Keywords: Lassa fever, awareness, prevention, community, Ebonyi State