Effect of Organic Mulching on the Growth and Yield of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Enugu State, Nigeria

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most economically important vegetable crops in Nigeria, contributing significantly to household food security and income generation. However, declining soil organic matter and erratic rainfall patterns have continued to undermine yields across the South East geopolitical zone. This study investigates the effect of organic mulching materials, including rice straw, dry leaves, and sawdust, on the growth and yield of tomato in Enugu State. A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT) during the 2023 cropping season. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatments and three replicates. Growth parameters measured include plant height, number of leaves, stem girth, days to flowering, and fruit yield per plant. Results indicate that rice straw mulch significantly improved soil moisture retention and fruit yield compared to the control treatment with no mulch. The study recommends the adoption of rice straw mulching as a low-cost, environmentally sustainable agronomic practice for smallholder tomato farmers in Enugu State. Findings from this study are expected to contribute practical management guidelines for horticultural extension services in the region. Keywords: organic mulching, tomato, Solanum lycopersicum, yield, Enugu State