Serum Testosterone and Androgen Status in Male Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Nasarawa State

Hypogonadism and low testosterone are increasingly documented complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men, yet this association remains understudied in Nigerian clinical settings. This study evaluates serum total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, and calculated free testosterone in male type 2 diabetic patients attending a general hospital in Nasarawa State, North Central Nigeria. A case-control design was employed, recruiting 100 male type 2 diabetic patients aged 35 to 65 years and 100 age-matched non-diabetic men. Blood samples were collected in the morning between 8 and 10 AM to account for diurnal variation in testosterone secretion. ELISA was used for hormonal assays. Glycated haemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, body mass index, and waist circumference were also measured. Clinical assessment for symptoms of hypogonadism including reduced libido and erectile dysfunction was conducted using the Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Males questionnaire. The study aims to determine the prevalence of low testosterone in diabetic men and to evaluate its association with glycaemic control and adiposity markers. Findings will support clinical screening for androgen deficiency in Nigerian diabetic men. Keywords: testosterone, hypogonadism, type 2 diabetes, androgen deficiency, Nasarawa State.