Oral Cancer Awareness Among Traders at Onitsha Main Market, Anambra State

Oral cancer represents a significant but underdiagnosed malignancy in Nigeria, with tobacco use, betel nut chewing, and chronic alcohol consumption identified as key risk factors. This descriptive cross-sectional study assesses the level of awareness of oral cancer among traders at the Onitsha Main Market, Anambra State, South East Nigeria, in 2023. Using multistage sampling, 280 traders were recruited and administered a structured questionnaire assessing knowledge of oral cancer symptoms, risk factors, and healthcare-seeking behavior. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, applying descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The overall awareness level was low, with only 31% of respondents having heard of oral cancer. Among those aware, fewer than 40% correctly identified tobacco use as a major risk factor, and only 19% knew that early oral lesions could indicate cancer. More than half of respondents had never undergone an oral health examination. Educational level was significantly associated with awareness (p=0.003). The study recommends targeted oral health education campaigns at market settings in South East Nigeria, leveraging community health workers and market associations as dissemination channels. Incorporating oral cancer screening into routine dental and general outpatient services would improve early detection in this underserved population. Keywords: oral cancer, awareness, traders, Onitsha, tobacco