Rectal Prolapse in Children: Clinical Features and Management at Usman Dan Fodio University Teaching Hospital

Rectal prolapse, the protrusion of rectal mucosa or all rectal layers through the anal orifice, is predominantly a paediatric condition in Nigeria, often linked to malnutrition, parasitic infestation, and chronic constipation. This study describes the clinical features, predisposing factors, and management outcomes of rectal prolapse in children aged zero to 12 years at Usman Dan Fodio University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH), Sokoto State, North West Nigeria, from 2020 to 2023. A retrospective review of 80 paediatric cases was conducted. Data collected included age at first presentation, nutritional status, stool parasitology findings, type of prolapse (partial versus complete), management approach (conservative versus surgical), and recurrence rates. Malnutrition was identified in 62% of patients, and Trichuris trichiura infestation was the most common parasitological finding. Conservative management with dietary modification and prolapse reduction achieved resolution in 71% of partial prolapse cases. Surgical intervention (Thiersch suture or linear cauterization) was required for persistent or complete prolapse. Recurrence within 12 months occurred in 18% of all cases. The study recommends nutritional rehabilitation programs and deworming campaigns targeting under-five children in North West Nigeria as primary preventive measures for paediatric rectal prolapse. Keywords: rectal prolapse, children, malnutrition, parasites, Sokoto