Prevalence of Sickle Cell Disease and Its Psychosocial Impact on Adolescents in Enugu State

Background: Sickle cell disease is a common hereditary haematological disorder in Nigeria, with profound psychosocial implications for affected adolescents who are navigating critical developmental transitions. This study determines the prevalence and psychosocial impact of sickle cell disease among adolescents attending a haematology clinic in Enugu State, South East geopolitical zone. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 180 adolescents with confirmed sickle cell disease diagnosis through consecutive sampling. The Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory and a locally adapted psychosocial impact scale were administered. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed. Results: Adolescents with sickle cell disease reported significantly impaired quality of life across physical, emotional, social, and school functioning domains. Stigma and peer rejection were commonly reported social challenges. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were prevalent. Psychosocial support utilisation was low. Conclusion: The psychosocial burden of sickle cell disease on adolescents in Enugu State is substantial and largely unaddressed within existing care models. Family medicine practitioners should integrate psychosocial screening and referral pathways into routine sickle cell clinics and advocate for school re-integration support programmes. Keywords: sickle cell disease, adolescents, psychosocial impact, quality of life, Enugu State