Physiological Effects of Cassava Processing on Respiratory Health of Women in Oguta, Imo State

Cassava processing is a primary income-generating activity for women in many South East Nigerian communities, yet its respiratory health implications remain poorly documented. This study examined the physiological effects of cassava processing activities on respiratory health among women in Oguta, Imo State. Seventy women engaged in daily cassava processing were recruited alongside 35 age-matched women not involved in food processing as controls. Lung function was measured using a portable spirometer, capturing forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one second. Respiratory symptoms were assessed using the British Medical Research Council respiratory questionnaire. Processing environments were assessed for particulate matter concentrations using a portable dust monitor. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were applied in statistical analyses. Results showed that cassava processors had significantly lower spirometric values compared to controls. Prevalence of cough, phlegm, and breathlessness was significantly higher among processors. Dust levels in processing sites exceeded WHO recommended occupational thresholds on measurement days. Duration of cassava processing in years was negatively correlated with lung function values. The study concludes that long-term cassava processing imposes a measurable respiratory health burden on women in Oguta. Occupational health interventions including improved ventilation, dust masks, and ergonomic processing spaces are urgently recommended. Keywords: cassava processing, respiratory health, lung function, dust exposure, Imo State.