Inguinal Hernia and the Anatomy of the Deep Inguinal Ring: An Observational Study at the Federal Medical Centre Birnin Kebbi

Inguinal hernia is one of the most common surgical conditions globally and represents a significant proportion of emergency and elective surgical caseloads in Nigerian hospitals. The anatomical integrity of the deep inguinal ring and posterior wall of the inguinal canal is central to understanding the pathophysiology of indirect and direct inguinal hernias. Differences in inguinal anatomy across populations may influence hernia type distribution and surgical outcomes. This study aims to describe the anatomical characteristics of the deep inguinal ring and inguinal canal among patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair at the Federal Medical Centre Birnin Kebbi, North West Nigeria. Intraoperative morphometric data, including ring diameter, transversalis fascia thickness, and the presence of accessory muscle bands, will be recorded under direct vision by attending surgeons. Findings will be compared with available national and international anatomical data. The study anticipates providing a useful intraoperative reference for surgeons performing open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs in North West Nigeria, where the condition is particularly prevalent among males engaged in heavy manual labour.

Keywords: inguinal hernia, deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal, surgical anatomy, Birnin Kebbi