Anatomical Basis of Lumbar Puncture: Intervertebral Space Dimensions Among Adults in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto

Lumbar puncture is a common clinical procedure used for cerebrospinal fluid analysis in the diagnosis of meningitis, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and other neurological conditions. The procedure depends on accurate surface landmark identification and knowledge of intervertebral space dimensions to ensure safe needle passage without cord injury. Variations in the anatomy of the lumbar region may affect the ease and safety of this procedure, particularly in populations with high rates of malnutrition or spondyloarthropathy. This study aims to document the dimensions of the lumbar intervertebral spaces, particularly between L3 and L4 and between L4 and L5, among adult patients at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, North West Nigeria. Measurements will be obtained from existing spinal radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging scans with appropriate ethical clearance. Data will be stratified by sex, age, and body mass index. The expected outcome is a profile of intervertebral space dimensions applicable to guiding lumbar puncture practices in North West Nigeria, where the burden of bacterial meningitis is especially high, and will serve as a reference for anaesthesiologists and neurologists in the region.

Keywords: lumbar puncture, intervertebral space, spinal anatomy, Sokoto, clinical morphometry