Assessment of Animal Feed Formulation Practices Among Feed Millers in Ibadan, Oyo State

This study assesses feed formulation practices, quality control systems, and regulatory compliance among commercial feed millers in Ibadan, Oyo State, South West Nigeria. The quality of commercially produced animal feed directly affects livestock health and productivity, and the widespread availability of substandard feeds is a recognised problem in the Nigerian feed industry. Ibadan hosts one of Nigeria's largest concentrations of commercial feed mills, making it an important site for assessing industry practices. This study uses a survey design, collecting data from 45 registered feed millers in Ibadan metropolis through structured questionnaires and facility inspection visits. Variables assessed include ingredient sourcing practices, formulation methods, quality testing capabilities, regulatory registration status, mycotoxin testing practices, and product labelling accuracy. Laboratory analysis of 90 feed samples assesses crude protein, metabolisable energy, aflatoxin content, and ingredient adulteration. Findings reveal that 62 percent of sampled mills use computer-based linear programming for diet formulation, while 38 percent rely on traditional fixed formulas. Laboratory quality testing is conducted by only 28 percent of mills. Aflatoxin contamination above the 20 parts per billion permissible limit is detected in 34 percent of analysed feed samples, primarily in maize-based components. Label protein content claims exceed actual measured protein in 44 percent of samples. The study concludes that feed quality control in Ibadan's feed milling industry requires significant improvement. It recommends mandatory laboratory testing requirements and NAFDAC enforcement of feed quality standards.

Keywords: feed formulation, feed millers, quality control, Ibadan, aflatoxin contamination.