Assessment of Road Traffic Congestion and Its Effect on Freight Delivery Efficiency in Lagos Metropolis

Road traffic congestion remains one of the most persistent challenges facing freight logistics operators in Nigerian urban centres. This study assesses the effect of road traffic congestion on freight delivery efficiency in Lagos Metropolis, focusing on the Apapa-Oshodi corridor, which serves as the primary gateway to the nation's busiest seaport. Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 120 freight operators, logistics supervisors, and truck drivers through structured questionnaires and observational checklists. The study evaluates delivery lead times, fuel consumption rates, and customer satisfaction levels under congested and non-congested conditions. Findings reveal that average delivery times are extended by 47 percent during peak congestion periods, significantly increasing operational costs for logistics firms. The study also identifies inadequate road infrastructure, illegal parking by articulated vehicles, and the absence of dedicated freight corridors as primary contributors to congestion. The research recommends the implementation of time-banded truck access policies, the expansion of inland container depots, and improved coordination between the Nigerian Ports Authority and state traffic management agencies. This study contributes practical, evidence-based insights to ongoing policy discussions on urban freight management in Southwest Nigeria and provides a baseline for future comparative studies across other Nigerian port cities. Keywords: road congestion, freight delivery, Lagos, logistics efficiency, port access.