Assessment of Threats to African Wild Dog Habitat in Katsina State Savannas

The African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) is among the most endangered large carnivores in Africa, with Nigerian populations having declined dramatically due to habitat loss, persecution, and disease. Reports of occasional sightings in the savanna landscapes of Katsina State, within Nigeria's North West geopolitical zone, suggest the possible persistence of small remnant populations or dispersing individuals. This study assesses the current status of potential African wild dog habitat in three local government areas of Katsina State through rapid habitat assessment and community-based knowledge surveys. Remote sensing analysis was used to classify land cover and identify areas of intact savanna and woodland that could support viable wild dog territories. Community interviews with 95 pastoralists, hunters, and elder community members were conducted to document historical and recent wild dog observations, local perceptions, and reported incidents of conflict with livestock. Results indicate that fewer than 15 percent of the state's original savanna woodland habitat remains in contiguous patches, with the most intact areas located in the northwestern corner near the Rima River floodplain. Eleven respondents reported wild dog encounters within the past five years, though all described packs of three or fewer individuals. Livestock killing incidents are rare but generate strong negative sentiment. The study recommends a formal camera trap survey of the most promising habitat patches and engagement with local communities in wild dog awareness and conflict prevention programs. Keywords: African wild dog, habitat assessment, Katsina State, North West Nigeria, carnivore conservation