Blood Lead Levels and Neurobehavioural Manifestations Among Children of Auto-Mechanic Artisans in Kaduna State, North West Nigeria

Background: Lead toxicity remains a critical environmental health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, where children of artisans working with lead-acid batteries and automotive paints face significant indirect exposure. Blood lead levels exceeding five micrograms per decilitre are associated with neurobehavioural impairments including reduced intelligence quotient, attention deficits, and hyperactivity. The Kaduna State auto-mechanic cluster presents a high-risk setting for paediatric lead exposure. Objectives: This study seeks to quantify blood lead levels in children aged 2 to 10 years of auto-mechanic artisans in Kaduna and to assess associations with neurobehavioural performance using standardised assessment tools. Methods: Eighty children will be recruited from artisan households. Venous blood lead concentration will be measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The Raven Coloured Progressive Matrices and a parent-completed Conners behaviour questionnaire will assess cognitive and behavioural outcomes respectively. Regression analysis will identify dose-response relationships. Expected Outcomes: A significant proportion of children are anticipated to have blood lead levels above five micrograms per decilitre, with higher levels associated with lower cognitive scores and more frequent hyperactivity-inattention symptoms. Conclusion: Findings will support environmental health interventions targeting lead exposure in Nigerian automotive repair communities. Keywords: blood lead levels, neurobehavioural outcomes, lead toxicity, auto-mechanics, Kaduna.