Economic Assessment of Organic Farming Adoption Among Vegetable Producers in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria

Organic farming has attracted growing interest in Nigerian agricultural development circles as a pathway that potentially reduces input costs while accessing premium domestic and export markets. In Plateau State, a significant vegetable producing region, the economic viability of organic production among smallholder growers has not been rigorously examined. This study conducted an economic assessment of organic farming adoption among vegetable producers in Plateau State. A cross-sectional survey of 96 vegetable farmers from three local government areas was conducted, comprising both organic and conventional producers. Data on production costs, yields, prices received, and certification status were collected through structured questionnaires. Gross margin analysis and comparative cost-benefit assessment were applied. Results showed that certified organic vegetable producers received price premiums averaging 32 percent above conventional market prices, which more than compensated for lower yield levels observed in organic plots. However, certification costs and the knowledge requirements for maintaining organic status were significant barriers for most smallholders. Access to organic-certified premium markets was limited to fewer than 25 percent of organic growers. The study recommends establishing group certification schemes to reduce individual farmer costs and strengthening linkages between Plateau State organic producers and urban premium markets. Investment in organic farming training through extension services is also critical. Keywords: organic farming, economic assessment, vegetable production, Plateau State, certification.