📖 ABSTRACT/OVERVIEW
Background: Lifestyle modification programmes targeting multiple cardiovascular risk factors simultaneously are effective but require adaptation to local cultural and resource contexts. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a structured lifestyle modification programme on cardiovascular risk factors among overweight adults attending a family medicine clinic in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Methods: A randomised controlled pilot trial enrolled 80 overweight adults randomised 1:1 to a 12-week structured lifestyle modification programme versus usual care. The programme combined individualised dietary counselling, supervised physical activity, and behavioural change support. Primary outcomes were changes in body mass index, blood pressure, and fasting lipid profiles. Results: Participants in the intervention arm demonstrated statistically significant reductions in body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose compared to controls. Attendance rates were high. Self-reported dietary behaviour scores improved significantly. Programme satisfaction was rated highly. Conclusion: A structured lifestyle modification programme is effective and acceptable for cardiovascular risk reduction in overweight adults in Abuja. Family medicine departments should develop sustainable group-based lifestyle programmes with trained facilitators as an integral component of chronic disease prevention. Keywords: lifestyle modification, cardiovascular risk, overweight, Abuja, randomised trial
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