Effects of Study Abroad Programmes on German Language Competence: Experiences of Nigerian Students

This study examines the effects of short-term and long-term study abroad programmes in German-speaking countries on the German language competence of Nigerian undergraduate students, drawing on retrospective accounts from alumni of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, South East Nigeria. Study abroad is widely regarded as a transformative context for foreign language development, providing immersive exposure to authentic language use that is difficult to replicate in domestic classroom settings. Despite the growing number of Nigerian students participating in DAAD-funded and other exchange programmes, systematic documentation of the linguistic gains and challenges of this population remains limited. The study employs a qualitative narrative inquiry design, conducting in-depth interviews with 20 alumni who had completed between three months and one year of study in Germany or Austria. Interviews explore self-reported changes in proficiency across the four language skills, socialisation strategies, identity development, and re-integration challenges. Findings reveal substantial self-reported gains in oral fluency and listening comprehension, with participants attributing these gains to daily immersive interaction rather than formal instruction. Cultural adaptation challenges and initial social isolation are identified as barriers to optimal linguistic development in the early phases of study abroad. Keywords: study abroad, German language competence, Nigerian students, University of Nigeria Nsukka, DAAD.