Evaluation of the Supply Chain Management Practices of Processed Fish Traders in Maiduguri, Borno State

Processed fish, including smoked and dried varieties, forms a critical source of protein for households in North East Nigeria, where livestock protein is expensive and fresh fish supply is limited by distance from major water bodies. In Maiduguri, Borno State, processed fish trading is a significant economic activity concentrated in several large market clusters. This study evaluated the supply chain management practices of eighty processed fish traders in Monday Market and Custom Market, Maiduguri. A structured questionnaire and market observation protocol were used to assess procurement practices, storage conditions, transportation methods, pricing dynamics, and quality management behaviours. Microbiological and proximate analysis of twenty-four randomly selected smoked fish samples complemented the survey data. Results revealed that 62 percent of traders sourced fish from intermediary agents rather than directly from processing communities, resulting in reduced product quality control. Storage was predominantly in open sacks at ambient temperature, with 58 percent of traders lacking elevated storage structures to prevent rodent contact. Microbiological analysis confirmed total viable counts exceeding 10 to the power 7 cfu per gram in 37.5 percent of samples. Moisture content of substandard samples exceeded the critical 15 percent threshold for smoked fish safety. The study recommends integration of processed fish traders into structured quality improvement programmes, provision of insulated storage facilities, and streamlining of supply chains to reduce product handling cycles in Borno State. Keywords: processed fish, supply chain, food safety, smoked fish, Maiduguri.