Examining the Relationship Between Neighbourhood Built Environment and Physical Activity in Enugu

The relationship between the built environment and residents' physical activity levels is an established area of urban health research in developed countries, but empirical evidence from Nigerian urban contexts is limited. This study examines how characteristics of the built environment influence physical activity behaviour among adult residents in Enugu, South East Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional analytical design, data were collected from 380 adults across four neighbourhood types varying in density, walkability, and green space provision in Enugu North and South. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, while built environment characteristics were assessed using an adapted Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale and GIS-computed measures of destination access, street connectivity, and green space within 400 metre buffers around respondents' homes. Multilevel regression analysis examined associations between built environment attributes and physical activity outcomes, controlling for individual sociodemographic characteristics. Findings are expected to identify street connectivity and proximity to markets and schools as significant positive predictors of walking activity, while absence of sidewalks and perceived traffic danger are negatively associated with active transport. The study addresses an identified research gap regarding the built environment-physical activity relationship in Nigerian secondary cities. Recommendations address investment in pedestrian infrastructure in high-density residential neighborhoods, neighbourhood-level physical activity promotion programs, green space provision standards in local area plans, and inclusion of health impact assessment requirements in Enugu's planning approval process. Keywords: Built environment, Physical activity, Neighbourhood planning, Enugu, Urban health.