Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production Among Farming Households in Kebbi State, North West Nigeria

Changing rainfall patterns, rising temperatures, and increasing frequency of extreme weather events are progressively undermining crop productivity across the North West geopolitical zone of Nigeria. Kebbi State, a major rice and sorghum producing area, is particularly exposed to these climatic shifts. This study examined the perceived impacts of climate change on crop production among farming households in Kebbi State. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 110 farming households selected from five communities across three local government areas. Data on climate perceptions, observed changes in rainfall and temperature, crop performance trends, and adaptive responses were collected using structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. Descriptive statistics and a climate vulnerability index were used for analysis. Findings revealed that over 76 percent of farmers reported declining crop yields attributed to erratic rainfall onset and prolonged dry spells over the preceding five years. Reduced soil moisture retention, increased weed pressure, and crop failure due to flooding were also commonly reported. Adaptive measures adopted included early planting, variety switching, and water harvesting, though access to institutional support for these adaptations was limited. The study recommends scaling up the distribution of drought-tolerant and early-maturing crop varieties and integrating climate information services into agricultural extension delivery in Kebbi State. Keywords: climate change, crop production, farming households, Kebbi State, adaptation.