📖 ABSTRACT/OVERVIEW
Agricultural innovation systems framework provides a systemic analytical lens for understanding the institutional conditions under which agricultural knowledge, technology, and market development occurs. Despite widespread adoption of the agricultural innovation systems paradigm in Nigerian development policy discourse, rigorous comparative empirical analysis of how institutional configurations shape innovation system performance across Nigerian states remains absent. This study conducted a comparative multi-state analysis of institutional determinants of agricultural innovation system performance in Nigeria using six case study states spanning all geopolitical zones: Kano, Ogun, Enugu, Delta, Benue, and Sokoto. A mixed-methods research design integrated structured institutional analysis using the Institutional Analysis and Development framework, quantitative innovation output metrics, and qualitative stakeholder network analysis with 120 key informants across the six states. Innovation system performance was measured using composite indicators incorporating technology generation, diffusion rates, and farmer welfare improvements. Results revealed that institutional complementarity between research organisations, extension systems, private input firms, and farmer organisations was the strongest predictor of innovation system performance, more important than resource endowment differences between states. States with formalised multi-stakeholder coordination platforms recorded consistently higher performance scores. The study makes an original theoretical contribution to the agricultural innovation systems literature in the Nigerian institutional context, providing a diagnostic framework applicable to innovation system reform design. Keywords: agricultural innovation systems, institutional determinants, comparative analysis, Nigeria, multi-state.
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