Operational Review of Household Vector Control Interventions in LLINs Distribution Programs in Borno State, North East Nigeria

Long-lasting insecticidal nets are the cornerstone of Nigeria's malaria prevention strategy, and their mass distribution in conflict-affected Borno State faces unique logistical and utilization challenges. Operational reviews of LLIN programs have identified gaps in net utilization, coverage equity, and fabric integrity in high-burden states. This study conducts an operational review of household LLIN distribution and utilization patterns in three LGAs of Borno State using entomological outcome indicators. Household surveys will assess net ownership, hanging status, and physical condition across 600 households in Maiduguri Metropolitan, Konduga, and Gwoza LGAs. Indoor mosquito collections using pyrethrum spray catches will provide data on residual vector presence in net-owning households to assess the entomological impact of net coverage. Net integrity assessments will record hole size and density as indicators of insecticidal efficacy decline. Key informant interviews with LLIN program officers will address distribution logistics and replenishment cycles. This review contributes to evidence-based operational improvements for the Borno State Malaria Elimination Programme and supports the National Malaria Strategic Plan implementation. Keywords: LLINs, malaria prevention, household vector control, Borno State, operational review