Prevalence of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Cattle Markets in Sokoto State

This study determines the prevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, in cattle traded through major livestock markets in Sokoto State, located in Nigeria's North West geopolitical zone. CBPP is a highly contagious and economically devastating respiratory disease of cattle that has been enzootic in West Africa, and livestock market trade is recognised as the principal mechanism for its inter-herd spread. Using a cross-sectional study design, 260 cattle from three major livestock markets in Sokoto metropolis and surrounding districts were clinically examined for respiratory signs, and serum samples were collected for detection of CBPP antibodies using the complement fixation test (CFT). Epidemiological data including animal origin, movement history, and vaccination status were recorded. Findings revealed a seropositivity rate of 18.1 percent, with animals originating from border districts showing significantly higher seroprevalence than locally born cattle. Clinical respiratory signs consistent with CBPP were observed in 9.2 percent of examined animals. The proportion of animals with documented vaccination against CBPP was only 14 percent. The study identifies unregulated cross-border animal movement and low vaccination coverage as the principal risk factors for CBPP spread in Sokoto State. Recommendations include mandatory CBPP vaccination at markets, pre-movement testing, and strengthened border surveillance. Keywords: CBPP, cattle, Sokoto State, seroprevalence, livestock markets.