Refugee Integration and Peace Challenges in Border Communities of Cross River State

This study examines the challenges of integrating refugees and the associated peace implications in border communities of Cross River State, South South Nigeria. Nigeria shares international borders with Cameroon, and Cross River State communities along this boundary have experienced significant inflows of persons displaced by Anglophone Cameroon crisis-related violence, creating complex dynamics of resource competition, cultural friction, and governance strain. Employing a descriptive mixed-methods design, the study collected data through questionnaires administered to 130 host community members and 70 refugees in Boki and Etung local government areas, supplemented by key informant interviews with UNHCR representatives, traditional leaders, and local government officials. The theoretical framework draws from the integration theory and the contact hypothesis. Findings indicate that initial phases of refugee arrival were marked by generosity from host communities, but sustained pressure on land, water, schools, and healthcare has progressively generated friction. Language barriers and differing land use practices have further exacerbated tensions. The study recommends establishing bilateral cooperation mechanisms between Nigeria and Cameroon for refugee management, providing dedicated infrastructure support to refugee-hosting communities in Cross River, and implementing structured community integration programs that foster positive contact and shared peacebuilding frameworks. Keywords: refugee integration, peace challenges, Cross River State, border communities, displacement.