Serum Prolactin and Hormonal Imbalance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Lagos

Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, characterised by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. This study evaluates serum prolactin, luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome attending a reproductive endocrinology clinic in Lagos, South West Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was employed, recruiting 100 women with ultrasound-confirmed polycystic ovary syndrome and 100 age-matched women without the condition. Blood samples were collected on day 3 of the menstrual cycle for hormonal assays using ELISA. Insulin levels, fasting blood glucose, and body mass index were also measured to capture the metabolic dimensions of the syndrome. Menstrual cycle history, clinical symptoms, and prior hormonal treatment were documented. The study aims to characterise the hormonal profile of PCOS patients in an urban Nigerian setting and to determine whether elevated prolactin is a significant contributor to reproductive dysfunction. Findings will support evidence-based management of PCOS in Nigerian reproductive health facilities. Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, prolactin, luteinising hormone, reproductive hormones, Lagos.