Serum Calcium and Phosphate Levels in Elderly Patients with Bone Disorders in Maiduguri

Disorders of calcium and phosphate metabolism are closely linked to bone health and are of particular concern in elderly populations across Nigeria. This study examines serum calcium and phosphate concentrations alongside alkaline phosphatase activity in elderly patients presenting with bone disorders at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North East Nigeria. A hospital-based cross-sectional design was adopted, enrolling 150 patients aged 60 years and above who were referred to the orthopaedic and internal medicine units. Fasting venous blood samples were collected and analysed using standard colorimetric assays. Clinical data including presenting complaints, dietary calcium intake estimated from a 24-hour recall questionnaire, and sun exposure habits were also recorded. Bone mineral disorders including osteoporosis and osteomalacia were documented from clinical diagnoses. Serum parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured in a subset of participants to provide deeper insight into hormonal regulation of mineral metabolism. The study aims to establish baseline biochemical reference data for elderly patients in the North East zone and to identify the biochemical correlates of clinically significant bone disease. Findings will inform clinical guidelines for the management of metabolic bone disease in elderly Nigerians. Keywords: serum calcium, phosphate, bone disorders, elderly, Maiduguri.