Oral Health Status and Occupational Risk Factors Among Acid Battery Chargers in Kano State

Workers in battery charging and repair occupations are exposed to sulfuric acid vapors and lead aerosols, both of which are known to cause dental erosion and oral soft tissue pathology through chronic inhalation and direct contact. This study assessed oral health status and occupational risk factors among acid battery chargers in Kano State, North West Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 130 battery charging operators in Kano Municipal and Fagge local government areas. Oral examination was performed by a qualified dental officer using the WHO oral health assessment form, and a structured questionnaire captured occupational exposure duration, protective practices, and health behaviors. Results revealed that dental erosion was detected in 71.5 percent of participants, exceeding the prevalence found in a general population comparison group from literature. Oral mucosal lesions were identified in 38.5 percent, and periodontal disease in 52.3 percent of respondents. Protective mouth covering during charging activities was practiced by only 12.3 percent of workers. Duration of employment and years of direct acid exposure were the strongest predictors of erosion severity. Awareness of acid-related oral health risks was absent in 86.2 percent of respondents. The study recommends integration of oral health screening into occupational health programs, hazard awareness education for battery workers, and acid vapor engineering controls in Kano's battery repair workshops. Keywords: dental erosion, battery chargers, acid exposure, occupational oral health, Kano State.