Assessment of Occupational Health and Safety Practices in Food Processing Factories in Kogi State, North Central Nigeria

Occupational health and safety in food processing environments is essential for protecting workers from physical, chemical, and biological hazards that are inherent in manufacturing settings. In Kogi State, North Central Nigeria, the food processing industry is expanding but regulatory oversight of workplace safety is limited. This study assessed occupational health and safety practices in food processing factories in Kogi State. A descriptive survey design was adopted, with 10 food processing establishments selected through census sampling. Data were collected from factory managers, supervisors, and 80 workers using structured questionnaires and factory inspection checklists aligned with Nigerian Factories Act requirements. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and regression analysis. Results showed that personal protective equipment provision was inadequate in most facilities, with fewer than 40 percent of workers consistently using protective clothing. Training on emergency response and occupational hazard identification was rare. Noise levels and temperature conditions exceeded recommended thresholds in several facilities. Work-related injuries including cuts, burns, and musculoskeletal strain were frequently reported but seldom formally documented. The study recommends mandatory safety audits by the Kogi State Ministry of Labour, structured worker safety training programmes, and the development of sector-specific safety guidelines for food processing establishments. Keywords: occupational health, food processing, safety practices, Kogi State, workplace hazards