Assessment of Pig Production Practices and Constraints in Plateau State

This study assesses pig production practices and the constraints facing pig farmers in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria. Pig production is economically important in Plateau State, where the predominantly Christian population has high demand for pork products. Despite this cultural and economic context, systematic documentation of pig production system characteristics and constraints is limited, hampering effective policy support for the sector. This study uses a descriptive survey design, collecting data from 140 pig farmers in Jos South, Shendam, and Mangu local government areas through structured questionnaires. Variables documented include breed types, herd sizes, housing systems, feeding practices, reproductive performance, health management, slaughter facilities, and enterprise economics. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis are applied. Findings reveal that exotic Large White and Landrace breeds are dominant in commercial operations representing 42 percent of sampled farms, while the remaining 58 percent of smallholder farmers keep crossbred and local ecotype pigs. Average herd size is 14 pigs per farm. African Swine Fever is cited as the most severe production constraint by 76 percent of farmers, with some farms experiencing complete herd losses. Classical Swine Fever and worm infestation are secondary health challenges. Access to veterinary service is very limited, particularly in rural communities. Feed cost accounts for 68 percent of total production cost. The study concludes that African Swine Fever management and feed cost reduction are the most critical interventions needed for Plateau State pig production development. It recommends a state emergency ASF prevention and biosecurity programme.

Keywords: pig production, Plateau State, African Swine Fever, breed management, enterprise constraints.