Assessment of the Nutritional Status of Elderly Persons in Long-Term Care Facilities in Enugu State, South East Nigeria

Nutritional vulnerability among the elderly is a growing concern in Nigerian society, where ageing-related physiological changes, reduced food intake, and limited access to healthcare intersect with poorly resourced care facilities. This study assessed the nutritional status of elderly persons in long-term care facilities in Enugu State, South East Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used, with 120 elderly residents aged sixty years and above recruited from five registered care homes. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool, anthropometric measurements, and a 24-hour dietary recall. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square. Results showed that 48 percent of residents were at risk of malnutrition and 20 percent were malnourished. Dietary intakes were generally below recommended daily allowances for energy, protein, calcium, and vitamin D. Menu variety was limited, and feeding assistance for residents with physical or cognitive impairments was inadequate. Staff members were not formally trained in geriatric nutrition. The study recommends the integration of registered dietitians into care home staffing, mandatory nutrition assessments on admission and at regular intervals, and government regulatory oversight of dietary standards in long-term care facilities. Keywords: nutritional status, elderly, care facilities, Enugu State, geriatric nutrition