Oxidative Stress Markers in Pregnant Women with Malaria in Benue State

Malaria in pregnancy is a major contributor to maternal and neonatal morbidity in Nigeria, particularly in the Middle Belt region. This study evaluates oxidative stress markers, specifically malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity, in pregnant women with confirmed malaria attending antenatal clinics in Benue State, North Central Nigeria. A case-control study design was employed, with 120 pregnant women divided equally into malaria-positive and malaria-negative groups matched for gestational age, parity, and socioeconomic status. Malaria diagnosis was confirmed using rapid diagnostic tests and thick blood film microscopy. Venous blood samples were collected for biochemical assays, and haematological parameters including packed cell volume and white blood cell differential counts were also determined. Demographic and obstetric data were obtained through structured interviews. The study hypothesises that Plasmodium falciparum infection triggers a significant pro-oxidant state in pregnant women, potentially contributing to foetal growth restriction and anaemia. Comparative analysis between the two groups will provide data on the extent of oxidative damage and antioxidant depletion associated with gestational malaria in this region. Findings will contribute to understanding the biochemical mechanisms underlying pregnancy complications in malaria-endemic zones. Keywords: oxidative stress, malaria in pregnancy, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes, Benue State.