Comparative Study of Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children Under Two Years in Urban and Rural Communities in Imo State, South East Nigeria

Disparities in child feeding practices between urban and rural communities in Nigeria contribute to differential nutritional outcomes in children under two years of age. This study comparatively analysed feeding practices and nutritional status of children under two years in urban and rural communities of Imo State, South East Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, with 300 mother-child pairs recruited from both community types using stratified sampling. Feeding practices were assessed using WHO indicators for infant and young child feeding. Nutritional status was determined through anthropometric measurements and classified using WHO child growth standards. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and independent samples t-test. Results showed that urban mothers were more likely to introduce complementary foods at six months, while rural mothers more frequently initiated breastfeeding within one hour of birth. Stunting and underweight prevalence were significantly higher in rural communities. Dietary diversity scores were low in both settings but were lower among rural children. Maternal education and health facility proximity were significant predictors of optimal feeding practices in both groups. The study recommends differentiated intervention strategies for urban and rural communities, with community-based nutrition programmes prioritised in rural Imo State. Keywords: infant and young child feeding, nutritional status, urban, rural, Imo State