Analysis of Health and Safety Management in Rubber Processing Factories in Edo State

Health and safety management in rubber processing environments involves managing exposures to chemical hazards including volatile organic compounds, dust, and ergonomic risks from heavy manual operations. This study analyses health and safety management systems in rubber processing factories in Edo State, South South Nigeria, evaluating the adequacy of hazard identification, risk assessment, personal protective equipment provision, and emergency response preparedness. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, with data collected from safety officers, supervisors, and 180 production workers across eight rubber factories using validated questionnaire instruments and workplace observation checklists. Occupational health records and accident reports from a 36-month review period were analysed. Worker knowledge of occupational hazards was assessed using a structured knowledge test. Results reveal that only three of eight factories maintained documented occupational health and safety management systems. Personal protective equipment availability was rated adequate by only 38 percent of workers, with respiratory protection most frequently absent. Accident incidence rates averaged 8.4 per 100 workers annually, significantly exceeding the manufacturing sector benchmark of 3.2. Chemical exposure monitoring was conducted by only one facility, and none had conducted formal baseline occupational health examinations for workers. Worker knowledge of chemical hazards was poor, averaging 42 percent on the knowledge test. The study recommends mandatory occupational health and safety management system implementation in all rubber processing facilities in South South Nigeria, compulsory baseline health examinations, and enhanced enforcement by the Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund and state labour inspectorates. Keywords: health and safety, rubber processing, Edo State, occupational hazard, accident rate