Chinese Language HSK Examination Preparation Strategies Among Students at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

The Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi (HSK), the official Chinese language proficiency examination, has become an important credential for Nigerian Mandarin learners seeking scholarships and employment in Chinese-related fields. This study examines the HSK examination preparation strategies adopted by Mandarin students at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, Kaduna State. A survey-based design was adopted, with questionnaires administered to 140 Mandarin students who had sat or were preparing for HSK examinations at levels 3 to 5. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight Mandarin language instructors. The study finds that self-directed study using digital platforms is the dominant preparation strategy. Peer study groups are highly valued but informally organised. Formal institutional preparation classes are attended by only 38 percent of students. Vocabulary memorisation is the most time-intensive preparation activity, while listening comprehension is identified as the most challenging examination component for Nigerian candidates due to tonal language unfamiliarity. Students who completed Chinese government-sponsored summer immersion programmes consistently outperform peers on HSK listening sections. The study concludes that Ahmadu Bello University should formalise HSK preparation support through structured workshops, build a practice examination library, and lobby for an HSK examination centre on campus to reduce the logistical burden on North West candidates.

Keywords: HSK examination, Mandarin proficiency, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, North West Nigeria