Assessment of Accommodative Esotropia Management Outcomes at Lagos Island General Hospital

Accommodative esotropia is a common form of childhood strabismus arising from uncorrected hyperopia and excessive accommodative convergence. Early optical correction is the mainstay of management, but outcomes vary depending on age at presentation and compliance with spectacle wear. This study evaluates the management outcomes of accommodative esotropia among pediatric patients at Lagos Island General Hospital, Lagos State, South West Nigeria. A retrospective cohort study design will be used, reviewing clinical records of 160 children aged 1 to 8 years diagnosed with accommodative esotropia over a five-year period. Outcome measures will include angle of deviation at baseline and follow-up, visual acuity, stereoacuity, and occlusion therapy compliance. Records will also document duration of spectacle wear, cycloplegic refraction findings, and instances of surgical referral. Data analysis will employ descriptive statistics and paired t-tests to compare pre- and post-intervention outcomes. The study expects to demonstrate significant reduction in deviation angles among compliant spectacle wearers and poorer outcomes among those with delayed presentation. Findings will support clinical guideline development for managing accommodative esotropia at secondary care facilities in Lagos and across Nigeria's South West zone. This research contributes to the pediatric optometry evidence base in Nigeria and underscores the effectiveness of early optical intervention in strabismus management. Keywords: accommodative esotropia, strabismus, pediatric optometry, Lagos, spectacle correction