Prevalence of Dry Eye Syndrome Among Women Aged 40-60 in Nnewi, Anambra State

Dry eye syndrome is a multifactorial ocular surface condition characterized by insufficient tear production or excessive tear evaporation, causing discomfort and potential visual impairment. Middle-aged women represent a particularly vulnerable demographic due to hormonal changes associated with menopause. This study examines the prevalence of dry eye syndrome among women aged 40 to 60 years in Nnewi, Anambra State, South East Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study will be conducted among 300 women recruited from community health centers and women's association meetings in Nnewi. Dry eye assessment will employ the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer's test, tear break-up time measurement, and rose bengal or fluorescein staining of the ocular surface. Sociodemographic data, medical history, medication use, and environmental exposures will be documented via structured interviews. Logistic regression will identify predictors of dry eye syndrome. The study anticipates a significant positive association between menopausal status, prolonged screen use, and dry eye prevalence. Findings will contribute to the evidence base for female-focused eye health programs in the South East zone and will be shared with healthcare providers to encourage routine dry eye screening in women's health clinics. This research provides a foundation for future longitudinal studies on hormonal influences on ocular surface health in the Nigerian context. Keywords: dry eye syndrome, women, menopause, Nnewi, ocular surface disease