Assessment of Night Vision Complaints Among Commercial Drivers in Calabar, Cross River State

Night vision difficulties represent a significant safety risk for commercial drivers and may indicate underlying retinal or optical pathologies that require optometric intervention. This study assesses the prevalence and pattern of night vision complaints among commercial drivers in Calabar, Cross River State, South South Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design will be used to recruit 360 commercial vehicle drivers from major motor parks and transport unions in the Calabar Municipality and Calabar South local government areas. Participants will complete a validated night vision questionnaire assessing difficulty seeing in low light, glare sensitivity, and road safety behaviors at night. Optometric examinations will include scotopic visual acuity, glare testing, contrast sensitivity, and funduscopic evaluation to identify retinal pathology including retinitis pigmentosa and vitamin A deficiency. Data analysis will involve frequency tables, percentages, and logistic regression. The study anticipates that a notable proportion of drivers will report significant night driving difficulties, with several exhibiting clinically significant retinal changes. Findings will be presented to the Cross River State Vehicle Inspection Office and transport regulatory bodies to advocate for mandatory periodic vision assessments for commercial drivers. This research contributes to road safety optometry in Nigeria's South South zone, demonstrating the intersection of clinical eye care and public safety policy. Keywords: night vision, commercial drivers, road safety, Calabar, retinal pathology