Assessment of Visual Function Among Albino Students in Plateau State

Albinism is associated with a spectrum of visual challenges arising from hypopigmentation of the ocular structures, including reduced visual acuity, photophobia, nystagmus, and strabismus. This study assesses the visual function of albino students at secondary schools and special education institutions in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design will be adopted, with 150 albino students recruited from five schools in the Jos metropolitan area and surrounding local government areas. Visual assessments will include distance and near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision testing, stereopsis, and assessment of nystagmus severity. Questionnaires administered to students and their caregivers will capture data on school performance, use of low vision aids, sun protection practices, and psychosocial challenges related to albinism. Data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The study expects to document a high prevalence of moderate to severe visual impairment among participants, with limited access to appropriate low vision rehabilitation services. Findings will be shared with the Plateau State Ministry of Education and Special Needs Education division to guide provision of magnification aids, tinted lenses, and lighting adaptations in school settings. This research advances the understanding of albinism-associated visual challenges in North Central Nigeria and supports evidence-based advocacy for inclusive education and enhanced optometric services for this vulnerable population. Keywords: albinism, visual function, low vision, Plateau State, photophobia